Renal physiology    Renal physiology is the study of how the kidneys function and the processes involved in urine formation and regulation of body fluids. The kidneys play a vital role in maintaining the body's homeostasis by regulating the volume, composition, and pH of body fluids.   Functions of the kidney  Physiological anatomy of the kidney The nephron  Production of the urine  The endothelial layer of the glomerular capillaries The basement membrane The epithelial layer of the bowman's capsule  Filtration pressure  Net filtration pressure Glomerular filtration  Selective reabsorption  Tubular secretion  Formation of concentrated and dilute urine  Renin angiotensin aldosterone mechanism