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ESSAY
Abortion or better still induced abortion from the onset had always been a controversial topic, due to it being deeply entangled with ethical, moral and religious values which differs in various societies. Abortion is the expulsion of a fetus from the uterus before it has reached the stage of viability (in human beings, usually about the 20th week of gestation). An abortion may occur spontaneously, in which case it is also called a miscarriage, or it may be brought on purposefully, in which case it is often called an induced abortion. our major interest lies in induced abortion being a controversial discussion as outlined in the first paragraph. now, why would someone consider an induced abortion? the most frequent cases is when pregnancy came about when one or both parties involved are not ready to become responsible for a child, and this mostly occurs with teenagers, which makes all the more sense, as they are mentally, socially, and most cases financially unable to bear the weight of taking care of a child. But it is not limited to teenagers alone, as a sizeable number of individuals in their 20s undergoes this process, and if a pregnancy is "unintended", married couples can also consider induced abortion. according to WHO, "each year, almost half of all pregnancies – 121 million – are unintended; 6 out of 10 unintended pregnancies and 3 out of 10 of all pregnancies end in induced abortion." considering the above statistics, we can safely say that abortion is now a common practice, but guided by certain health regulations and practices, since if abortions are carried out carelessly or without undergoing the recommended procedures, it could become very unsafe. Now, we consider the following information obtained from WHO, "Around 45% of all abortions are unsafe, of which 97% take place in developing countries. Unsafe abortion is a leading – but preventable – cause of maternal deaths and morbidities. It can lead to physical and mental health complications and social and financial burdens for women, communities and health systems." From the provided information, it can be reasonably inferred that abortion generally is unsafe, moreso if now done under improper management, it could be fatal, which could lead to death and mental health complications in women. According to WHO, 97% unsafe abortions occurs in developing countries, which could be due to underdeveloped heath practices, unavailable resources for proper abortion process or fear of stigmatization, especially in our country where one could be ostracized due to carrying out abortion, hence, the individual considering this process would likely do it secretly, without going through the laid down health practices for a safe abortion, and as a result, might suffer the complications of unsafe abortion. Efforts should be made on increasing the chances of a safe abortion in our society, by providing necessary health requirements, strict regulations guiding abortions and sensitization concerning dangers of unsafe abortions, preventing unwanted pregnancy, and to combat discrimination against anyone that decided to undergo abortion. Teenagers should be sensitized generally on preventing unwanted pregnancies, and if a "mistake" end up occuring, they should go about the process the right way, which involves letting their parents know about it for better handling. Also, couples considering abortion should go about it under normal health practices, supervised by a professional health worker, and not consider "cheap" method, which could be dangerous. Government should strive to make the process easily accessible to people and affordable as well.